MBBR的(de)(de)基本设(she)计思想是无(wu)堵塞、无(wu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)洗、水(shui)头损(sun)失(shi)小、比(bi)表(biao)面积大(da)。这(zhei)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)通(tong)过(guo)在(zai)较小的(de)(de)载体(ti)(ti)单(dan)元上生长生物膜来(lai)实现(xian)，这(zhei)些载体(ti)(ti)单(dan)元随反(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)水(shui)流自由移动(dong)。在(zai)好氧(yang)反(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)，载体(ti)(ti)通(tong)过(guo)曝(pu)(pu)气(qi)移动(dong)；在(zai)缺氧(yang)/厌(yan)氧(yang)反(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)，载体(ti)(ti)通(tong)过(guo)机械搅拌移动(dong)。为了(le)防(fang)止(zhi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)填料的(de)(de)损(sun)失(shi)，可(ke)在(zai)反(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)(qi)出(chu)口设(she)置多(duo)孔过(guo)滤(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)mbbr一般为矩形或圆柱形结(jie)构(gou)。矩形反(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)(qi)沿反(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)槽的(de)(de)长方向(xiang)均(jun)匀地分成若(ruo)干单(dan)元或非格子。一般来(lai)说，反(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)(qi)内(nei)的(de)(de)流动(dong)处于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)推流状态(tai)，而在(zai)每个(ge)池(chi)内(nei)，由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)曝(pu)(pu)气(qi)，流动(dong)处于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)完全混合状态(tai)。比(bi)表(biao)面积较大(da)的(de)(de)悬(xuan)浮聚乙烯或聚丙烯填料的(de)(de)比(bi)重接(jie)近于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)的(de)(de)比(bi)重。反(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)(qi)内(nei)生物膜附(fu)着面可(ke)达(da)(da)500m2/m3，实际比(bi)表(biao)面积（填料内(nei)表(biao)面）可(ke)达(da)(da)350m2/m3。多(duo)孔曝(pu)(pu)气(qi)管在(zai)一侧曝(pu)(pu)气(qi)，使(shi)填料在(zai)池(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)循环。圆柱形反(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)(qi)底部(bu)设(she)有(you)(you)微孔曝(pu)(pu)气(qi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。此外，有(you)(you)些反(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不仅在(zai)池(chi)底设(she)有(you)(you)曝(pu)(pu)气(qi)装置，还(hai)设(she)有(you)(you)混合装置。这(zhei)些搅拌装置可(ke)使(shi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)(qi)方便灵活地应(ying)(ying)用于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)缺氧(yang)条件。有(you)(you)时(shi)为了(le)防(fang)止(zhi)曝(pu)(pu)气(qi)引起的(de)(de)汽提和挥发，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)在(zai)反(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)(qi)上方加(jia)一个(ge)盖子。

国外已将mbbr应(ying)用(yong)于生(sheng)(sheng)活污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)和部(bu)分工(gong)(gong)业(ye)废水(shui)(shui)(shui)的中(zhong)(zhong)试、中(zhong)(zhong)试和生(sheng)(sheng)产研究(jiu)，取得了良(liang)(liang)好的效果。试验表明，移动床生(sheng)(sheng)物膜法处(chu)理中(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)型生(sheng)(sheng)活污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)和工(gong)(gong)业(ye)有机废水(shui)(shui)(shui)是可行的。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)，一体化或埋地(di)式污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)处(chu)理厂在我国具有良(liang)(liang)好的应(ying)用(yong)前景。